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a Mesa OpenGL WebGL renderer reports the varying and uniform limits Mesa and ANGLE give it

Pim· Clearcote Research 2 min readCheck id webgl-mesa-limits-vs-driver

When the unmasked renderer is ANGLE over OpenGL with a Mesa Intel, radeonsi, llvmpipe, softpipe or virgl driver: MAX_VERTEX_UNIFORM_VECTORS 1024, MAX_FRAGMENT_UNIFORM_VECTORS 1024 and MAX_VARYING_VECTORS 32, in WebGL 1 and WebGL 2. N/A for every other renderer, including Mesa's d3d12 and zink drivers, NVIDIA's proprietary driver and Android GPUs, whose limits differ (severity: warn).

What a detector infers

Chrome on Linux renders WebGL through ANGLE's OpenGL backend, which does not invent shader limits: it reads MAX_VARYING_VECTORS from the GL driver and caps both uniform-vector limits at 1024. Every Mesa driver exposes 32 varyings (Mesa's own ceiling), and the common ones — Intel's iris, AMD's radeonsi and the llvmpipe software rasteriser — expose all 32.

So a renderer string naming one of those drivers comes with 1024 vertex uniform vectors, 1024 fragment uniform vectors and 32 varyings. A persona that renames its GPU to a Mesa driver but keeps another backend's limit table gives itself away: 4096 vertex uniform vectors and 30 varyings are what ANGLE's Direct3D 11 backend reports, a combination no Mesa driver produces.

How to resolve it

Take the limit table from the driver the renderer string names. A Linux persona that claims a Mesa GPU has to report Mesa's limits — 32 varyings, 1024 uniform vectors — rather than the Direct3D 11 values of a Windows persona; and where the real backend cannot reach them (a software rasteriser with lower ceilings), the renderer string should not claim that driver.

What is WebGL fingerprinting?

Read in the wild by

Clearcote (measured)

Measured while establishing ground truth for this row. Clearcote r30's Linux persona names a Mesa Intel UHD Graphics 770 while reporting the Direct3D 11 limit table.

Audit corpus, 2026-10-06: 90 of 91 captures naming a Mesa driver (Mesa Intel, radeonsi, llvmpipe, virgl) report 1024 / 1024 / 32; the exception is Mesa's d3d12 driver under WSL (31 varyings), which this row does not judge. Genuine Chrome 154 on llvmpipe: 1024 / 1024 / 32. Captures carrying the persona's renderer string: 4096 / 1024 / 30 in 31 of 32 and 4095 / 1024 / 30 in the other.

clearcotelabs.com/audit

Every attribution traces to a published artifact. See the sources and their limits.

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